A power-law coupled three-form dark energy model

We consider a field theory model of coupled dark energy which treats dark energy as a three-form field and dark matter as a spinor field. By assuming the effective mass of dark matter as a power-law function of the three-form field and neglecting the potential term of dark energy, we obtain three solutions of the autonomous system of evolution equations, including a de Sitter attractor, a tracking solution and an approximate solution. To understand the strength of the coupling, we confront the model with the latest Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Cosmic Microwave Backround (CMB) radiation observations, with the conclusion that the combination of these three databases marginalized over the present dark matter density parameter $\Omega_{m0}$ and the present three-form field $\kappa X_{0}$ gives stringent constraints on the coupling constant, $-0.017< \lambda <0.047$ ($2\sigma$ confidence level), by which we give out the model applicable parameter range.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, refernces added, Eur. Phys. J. C (2018

Transformation of \u3cem\u3eTetrahymena thermophila\u3c/em\u3e with Hypermethylated rRNA Genes

The extrachromosomal rRNA genes (rDNA) of Tetrahymena thermophila contain 0.4% N6-methyladenine. C3 strain rDNA was isolated, hypermethylated in vitro, and microinjected into B strain host cells. Clonal cell lines were established, and transformants were selected on the basis of resistance to paromomycin, conferred by the injected rDNA. The effects of methylation by three enzymes which methylate the sequence 5\u27-NAT-3\u27, the dam, EcoRI, and ClaI methylases, were tested. Hypermethylation of the injected rDNA had no effect on transformation efficiency relative to mock-methylated controls. The injected C3 strain rDNA efficiently replaced host rDNA as the major constituent of the population of rDNA molecules. Hypermethylation of the injected DNA was not maintained through 20 to 25 cell generations

A Complementary Third Law for Black Hole Thermodynamics

There are some examples in the literature, in which despite the fact that the underlying theory or model does not impose a lower bound on the size of black holes, the final temperature under Hawking evaporation is nevertheless finite and nonzero. We show that under some loose conditions, the black hole is necessarily an effective remnant, in the sense that its evaporation time is infinite. That is, the final state that there is nonzero finite temperature despite having no black hole remaining cannot be realized. We discuss the limitations, subtleties, and the implications of this result, which is reminiscent of the third law of black hole thermodynamics, but with the roles of temperature and size interchanged. We therefore refer to our result as the "complementary third law" for black hole thermodynamics.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures; improved and published versio

Studies on X(4260) and X(4660) particles

Studies on the X(4260) and X(4660) resonant states in an effective lagrangian approach are reviewed. Using a Breit--Wigner propagator to describe their propagation, we find that the X(4260) has a sizable coupling to the $\omega\chi_{c0}$ channel, while other couplings are found to be negligible. Besides, it couples much stronger to $\sigma$ than to $f_0(980)$: $|g_{X\Psi \sigma}^2/g^2_{X\Psi f_0(980)}|\sim O(10) \ .$ As an approximate result for X(4660), we obtain that the ratio of $\frac{Br(X\rightarrow\Lambda_c^+\Lambda_c^-)}{Br(X\rightarrow\Psi(2s)\pi^+\pi^-)}\simeq 20$. Finally, taking X(3872) as an example, we also point out a possible way to extend the previous method to a more general one in the effective lagrangian approach.Comment: Talk given by H. Q. Zheng at "Xth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum", October 8-12, 2012, TUM Campus Garching, Munich, Germany. 6 pages, 3 figures, 3 table

Nonfactorizable B→χc0KB\to\chi_{c0}K decay and QCD factorization

We study the unexpectedly large rate for the factorization-forbidden decay $B\to \chi_{c0}K$ within the QCD factorization approach. We use a non-zero gluon mass to regularize the infrared divergences in vertex corrections. The end-point singularities arising from spectator corrections are regularized and carefully estimated by the off-shellness of quarks. We find that the contributions arising from the vertex and leading-twist spectator corrections are numerically small, and the twist-3 spectator contribution with chiral enhancement and linear end-point singularity becomes dominant. With reasonable choices for the parameters, the branching ratio for $B\to\chi_{c0}K$ decay is estimated to be in the range $(2-4)\times 10^{-4}$, which is compatible with the Belle and BaBar data.Comment: Appendix added; it is emphasized that in the dominant twist-3 spectator corrections the end-point singularity contributions may be estimated by the off-shellness of the charm quark (by the binding energy in charmonium) and the gluon (by the transverse momentum of the light quark in the kaon